Mid Day Meal Scheme
Mid Day Meal in schools has had a long history in India. In 1925, a Mid Day Meal Programme was introduced for disadvantaged children in Madras Municipal Corporation. By the mid 1980s three States viz. Gujarat, Kerala and Tamil Nadu and the UT of Pondicherry had universalized a cooked Mid Day Meal Programme with their own resources for children studying at the primary stage by 1990-91 the number of States implementing the mid day meal programme with their own resources on a universal or a large scale had increased to twelve states.
With a view to enhancing enrollment, retention and attendance and simultaneously improving nutritional levels among children, the National Programme of Nutritional Support to Primary Education (NP-NSPE) was launched as a Centrally Sponsored Scheme on 15th August 1995, initially in 2408 blocks in the country. By the year 1997-98 the NP-NSPE was introduced in all blocks of the country. It was further extended in 2002 to cover not only children in classes I -V of Government, Government aided and local body schools, but also children studying in EGS and AIE centres. Central Assistance under the scheme consisted of free supply of food grains @ 100 grams per child per school day, and subsidy for transportation of food grains up to a maximum of Rs 50 per quintal.
In September 2004 the scheme was revised to provide cooked mid day meal with 300 calories and 8-12 grams of protein to all children studying in classes I – V in Government and aided schools and EGS/ AIE centres. In addition to free supply of food grains, the revised scheme provided Central Assistance for (a) Cooking cost @ Re 1 per child per school day, (b) Transport subsidy was raised from the earlier maximum of Rs 50 per quintal to Rs. 100 per quintal for special category states, and Rs 75 per quintal for other states, (c) Management, monitoring and evaluation costs @ 2% of the cost of foodgrains, transport subsidy and cooking assistance, (d) Provision of mid day meal during summer vacation in drought affected areas.
In July 2006 the scheme was further revised to provide assistance for cooking cost at the rate of (a) Rs 1.80 per child/school day for States in the North Eastern Region, provided the NER States contribute Rs 0.20 per child/school day, and (b) Rs 1.50 per child/ school day for other States and UTs, provided that these States and UTs contribute Rs 0.50 per child/school day.
In October 2007, the scheme has been further revised to cover children in upper primary (classes VI to VIII) initially in 3479 Educationally Backwards Blocks (EBBs). Around 1.7 crore upper primary children were included by this expansion of the scheme. From 2008-09 i.e w.e.f 1st April, 2008, the programme covers all children studying in Government, Local Body and Government-aided primary and upper primary schools and the EGS/AIE centres including Madarsa and Maqtabs supported under SSA of all areas across the country. The calorific value of a mid-day meal at upper primary stage has been fixed at a minimum of 700 calories and 20 grams of protein by providing 150 grams of food grains (rice/wheat) per child/school day.
Actually, the mid-day meal has had a long history. The mid-day meal programme was first introduced in 1925 for the disadvantaged children in Madras Corporation.
Till the mid-1980’s many other states like Gujarat, Kerala and Tamil Nadu and Union Territory (UT) like Ponducerry had started a mid-day meal programme among the primary stages students.
And by 1990 – 1991 many other states started implementing mid day meal programme among their students and the number of stated increased to twelve after it.
Of course, in general words, the mid-day meal scheme was started by the Indian Government to help the students trough many purposes. They help poor students to get their lunch. Even in beginning the mid-day meal scheme only focuses on special categories students but present day more than 120,000,000 get benefits from the scheme.
Of course, the mid-day meal has many different benefits from different sides, that’s the reason why the government highly implement this mid-day mead scheme among the states.
◦ The mid-day meal is benefited to avoid classroom hunger.
◦ The mid-day meal is benefited to increase the school enrolment.
◦ The mid-day meal is benefited to increase the attendance of the students.
◦ The mid-day meal is benefited to improve the socialization process among the different castes students.
◦ The mid-day meal is benefited to increase malnutrition.
◦ The mid-day meal is benefited to empower women in different ways.
Of course, anyone can know that the mid-day meal scheme is actually designated for the schools. Through this scheme children of lower, primary and upper primary schools have their lunch for free in schools. Mid-day meal scheme covers all govt aided schools along with Madrasa and Muqtab. The government can manage and produced lunch for all the working days and the recipes are different every day.
For more than 10 years, the salaries of mid-day meal workers are very low as they have been paid only just Rs. 1000 a month; of which Rs. 600 provides by the centre and the states the rest. Even along with Rs. 1000 a month 19 states and Union Territories have given some additional sums but in the states, such as Uttar Pradesh, Assam, and Maharashtra, those workers received only just Rs. 1000 a month.
The main objectives of the MDM scheme are:
The quantity of food items provided under this scheme per child per school day is as follows:
Food items |
Primary level (Class I-V) |
Upper level (Class VI-VIII) |
Food Grains |
100 gms |
150 gms |
Pulses |
20 gms |
30 gms |
Vegetables (leafy also) |
50 gms |
75 gms |
Oil & fat |
5 gms |
7.5 gms |
Salt & condiments |
As per need |
As per need |
The calories intake prescribed per child per school day is as follows:
Calories Intake |
Primary |
Upper Primary |
Energy |
450 calories |
700 calories |
Protein |
12 grams |
20 grams |
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